Friday, December 27, 2019

The Power of Persuasion in Advertisements Essay - 1220 Words

The viewer sits on the couch, nestled inside a cozy, warm blanket with a large bowl of buttery and salty popcorn on his lap. His heart starts racing as the movie reaches its climax. Just as his lungs stop breathing and his eyes grow wide with fascination, the channel changes to an old advertisement that he’s seen a thousand times. Ads like that one appeal to the three main techniques that have subliminal messages to viewers. These different techniques have proven to be effective with television watchers. Advertisers use these three techniques to target a certain audience. Demographics play a large role in aiding businesses with the adequate information to convince the viewers. The main demographics include gender, age, culture, race, and†¦show more content†¦The advertisements generally deal with breakfast foods, toys, clothing, and cars. The targeted age range covers a wide spread. Depending on the type of channel, the advertisements will vary and target a certain age group. â€Å"Transforming a brand into a socially responsible leader doesnt happen overnight by simply writing new marketing and advertising strategies. It takes effort to identify a vision that your customers will find credible and aligned with their values† (Mainwaring). For example, the â€Å"Leo Messi on the road to the 2014 FIFA World Cupâ„ ¢ - Fast† commercial advertises a pair of Adidas soccer cleats. Furthermore, the ad is trying to persuade young athletes to buy this product. The appeal is to ethos because the ad relies on the credibility of a professional athlete. The next ad in this time slot is from Old Spice, â€Å"The Man Your Man Could Smell Like.† This is in the demographic category of gender as it appeals to both men and women. Men will be great if they wear the product. Also, women should buy the product so their man will smell great. The next time slot is the ten a.m. to four p.m. window. The ads aired during this time generally aim to reach the older generation and have to do with aging. Another target is children when they arrive home from school. A commercial that depicts how advertisers target the elder age group is from Coca-Cola, â€Å"Older Couple Turn into Adorable Kids.† The appeal is ethos; older people will feel and appear younger after theyShow MoreRelatedPersuasive Techniques Used in Rolex Advertisements Essay594 Words   |  3 PagesUnited States. Rolex Company makes several advertisements on their products. One of the advertisements, they used a famous person and strong persuasion techniques which consist of ethos, pathos and logos to convince the audience who wants to be successful to buy their products. This advertisement has been watched throughout the states and persuaded many people to fall in to it. What makes this advertisement special is that it carries different kinds of persuasion techniques. When the creator post theRead MoreWhat Is Advertising?1110 Words   |  4 PagesAdvertisement is defined as an act of advertising. It is a medium chosen by business sphere in order to introduce their products or services to the public. For instance, poster, radio advertisement, television advertisement, notices, and other paid advertisement are designed to attract the consumers. Advertisement more concern on images and graphics instead of words. While, advertising is defined as non personal communication of information usually paid for attract the buyers. Advertising is essentiallyRead MoreAdvertising : The Magic System786 Words   |  4 Pagesnature of advertisement has changed from a system to attract â€Å"specific attention† (similar to modern day classifieds) to a system that broadcasts â€Å"commercial information and persuasion† (p. 170, 184) 2. This change in advertising methodology is paralleled to changes in social and economic structures (p. 170, 177-178) 3. Through capitalism, the minority will increasing get involved in cultivating culture and values of the masses through advertisements (p. 184, 187-188). 4. Advertisement is the artRead MoreYou Cannot Trust Fast Food Companies679 Words   |  3 PagesWe have all seen those advertisements that show glorious looking hamburgers that look like are simply exploding with tasty goodness, but how many times has our food actually looked like the advertisement? In my experience, that number would be zero. These advertisements are meant to trick our minds into thinking fast food is much better than it is in reality. Although, this argument could be made about just about any company in this age of brand personification, but just because other companiesRead MoreASPCA ASPCA Uses Aristotles Power of Persuasion Essay610 Words   |  3 PagesASPCA and the Power of Persuasion Advertisers all have one goal in common, that is an ad that is catching to a consumer’s attention. In today’s fast paced society there are so many selling products and charities. As I exam the advertisement for the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty for Animals (ASPCA), I will show how they use the pathos, ethos, and logos – also known as Aristotle’s Theory of Persuasion. Pathos is an emotional appeal in which the advertisers hope that the consumersRead MoreMedia Influences On Children s Life1742 Words   |  7 Pagesnot provide the necessary information about the health risks associated with its meals that they eat. Placing the blame into the fast food industry for allegedly contributing to their obesity and health problems. The media through many types of advertisement promotes unhealthy foods, high in saturated fat, large amounts of fructose sugars, salt, as the ideal food options. Many may agree that it was their own wrongdoing that contributed to their obesity, but what about if people would give the teenagersRead MoreEffects Of Advertising Essay1249 Words   |  5 Pageswhere we contribute to the prominence of advertising; however, the effects upon us are unknown. Advertising can be seen in the majority of the world, it has gotten to the point in which people become almost completely oblivious to them. People see advertisement in stores, in b illboards, television, and even their homes. It has come to the point where people believe they are not affected by these ads but that is not the case. Advertising has various effects on the world such as educating society, persuadingRead MoreUse of Logos, Ethos, and Pathos for Rhetorical Appeal in Advertising1020 Words   |  4 Pagescertain manner, or the purchase particular products. Unlike speech in which an individual relies on their persona and content of speech to get their point across to an audience or consumer, advertisements use images to enhance the impact and appeal of logos, ethos, and pathos. One of the most influential advertisements that is frequently shown on television that use these three appeals is the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) commercials that urge viewers to help the organizationsRead MoreSelling Happiness : The Illusion Of Persuasion1715 Words   |  7 PagesHappiness: The Illusion of Persuasion in Advertising In today s society, it is nearly impossible to go anywhere without the potential of seeing advertisements. â€Å"It is is the corners of elevators, as you play golf, and there are ads in the bottom of the cups. We see it as we look to the sky and see skywriting, or as a bus passes by, and there is an ad scrawled across the side. Advertising is everywhere and suffocating us† (Goodman, 2004). Despite the bombardment of advertisements we face on a daily basisRead MoreEthos And Its Effect On Society1129 Words   |  5 Pagesappeal to character. It is one of Aristotle’s three ingredients of persuasion known as logos, the appeal to logic, pathos, the appeal to emotion, and ethos, arguably the most important and persuasive part of an argument. Ethos is the strongest and most effective method of persuasion that establishes likability and credibility which creates a trustworthy bond and hooks the crowd into listening. It is used constantly in advertisement and everyday life, so much so that people don’t notice it. For example

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Essay on Hierarchy of Language in Jane Austens Emma

Jane Austen writes social novels. Her societies are microcosms of relative stability in a rapidly changing world. Within these restricted realms, class structure is rigid; however, members of this society participate in one common activity: discourse. Due to the vagaries and incompetencies among the characters, not all conversations in Emma conform to the ideals of communication, and in fact, contribute to the promulgation of the central conflict. Henry Fielding proposed in his Miscellanies, that conversation should resemble that reciprocal Interchange of ideas, by which Truth is examined, and all our Knowledge communicated to each other [and which] contributes to the moral improvement of society but presupposes, under ideal†¦show more content†¦Man is a social animal who in the modern world of the [nineteenth century, has] his physical and economic security...necessarily bound up with that of other members of his society (Warren 82) thereby rendering civilization dependent on the proper functioning of communication. For many persons, a half an hours uninterrupted communication of all those little matters on which the daily happiness of private life depends (138) may be the only available and allowable means of entertainment; both knowledge and pleasure are communicated through conversation. In the insulated village of Highbury, daily communications comprise the majority of provincial activity. Because conversation is so basic to daily functions, it takes myriad forms. Discourse can be a harmless exchange of ideas or events, a communication of truth, idle gossip, or willful deceit. It is in the form of deceit that language can become deleterious and threaten the society it serves to engender. Falsification upsets the careful social balance (Smith 59) by contaminating the relationship between speaker and audience. A speech act, according to the rules of pragmatics, should convey truth. When what is spoken is falsified or misinterpreted, communication is ineffectual. In Emma, it is the prevalence of falsity and misunderstanding that causes confusion among the characters. The social relationships inShow MoreRelatedJane Austen s Clueless 1280 Words   |  6 Pagesfilm ‘Clueless’ enhances our understanding of the transformation derived from Jane Austen’s ‘Emma’ and communicates the issues of rigid social status and confined attitudes to women despite contextual realignments. By adapting the genteel society of Highbury to the superficial microcosm of Beverley Hills, we gain an understanding of the restricted values placed on social status and the objectivity of women. Both Austen’s and Heckerling’s satirical reflections on Regency England and postmodern AmericaRead More Societal Authority in Jane Austens Emma Essay2054 Words   |  9 Pagesthan in Jane Austen’s Emma. In Emma, Austen uses narrative style, characterization, and the plot device of word games to illustrate the ever-present power of hierarchical control. Emmas plot seemingly hovers around the superficial theme of strategic matchmaking. But while this is an important aspect of Emma, it serves primarily as a catalyst to illustrate the much bigger idea of societal authority present in the novel. Word games play a huge role in the plot development of Emma. . . . Emma is itselfRead MoreLizzy or Emma - A Critique of Jane Austens Heroines Essay2237 Words   |  9 Pages42 years Jane Austen’s (1775- 1817) view of the world was genial and kindly. She had a clear sighted vision of the world where she amused herself with other’s foibles and self - deception, gave love to those who deserve to be loved and most certainly gave a light hearted satirical view of the society. Marilyn Butler in her book Jane Austen writes that, â€Å"Jane had the happiness of temper that never required to be commanded. Cassandra, who knew her best, received letters in which Jane sounded dissatisfiedRead MoreClueless a Transformation of Emma4584 Words   |  19 PagesHow does the composer of Clueless use film techniques to transform the social, historical and environmental context of Jane Austen’s Emma to the modern context of Clueless? Amy Heckerling’s Clueless involves a storyline, which closely follows the text of Jane Austen’s novel Emma. However, there are some key points of difference in the transformation that has taken place. This is due to the individual context of the nineteenth century prose text and that of the modern appropriated film text. TheRead More Patriarchy in Jane Austens Sense and Sensibility Essay1535 Words   |  7 PagesPatriarchy in Jane Austens Sense and Sensibility Despite the fact that Jane Austen has become what Julian North describes as a â€Å"conservative icon in popular culture† signified by her depictions of â€Å"traditional class and gender hierarchies, sexual propriety and Christian values,† the novel _Sense and Sensibility_ provides, if not a feminist perspective, a feminist discourse lacking in Emma Thompson’s film version (North 38). In this essay, I attempt to argue briefly that the novel, which initiallyRead MoreJane Austen’s Novels and the Contemporary Social and Literary Conventions.12979 Words   |  52 Pages2.3 The Gothic Romance. 13 3. Jane Austen and Her Novels in relation to the Contemporary Literature. 15 3.1. Austen’s Criticism about the Contemporary Fiction. 15 3.2. Jane Austen as a Conservative Writer and as a Social Critic. 16 3.3. Austen’s writing in her own perception. 17 4. Pride and Prejudice. 20 4.1. Elizabeth Bennet and Mr. Darcy – the Reversed Ideals. 20 22 5. Emma 23 5.1. Emma the heroine. 23 5.2. Men of sense and silly wives 26 5.3. Emma as the unusual learning. 28 Conclusions

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Management for Financial and Human Resource - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theManagement for Financial and Human Resource. Answer: Management refers to the administration in an organization that might include either a business, government body or a nonprofit organization (Zuberbier et.al 2016). Thus, management involves the setting of strategy for an organization and at the same time coordinating the employee efforts for accomplishing the objectives with available resources like technological, natural, financial and human resource. The theories of management studies that help in managing an organization are as follows: Classical Theory: The Classical Theory is a well-organized theory of management that helps an organization in planning, staffing, organizing, directing, co-coordinating, reporting and budgeting. The theory also allows choosing between hierarchical or linear bureaucracy and in proper time management and division of labor. Humanistic Theory: The Humanistic Theory of management portrays the need for motivating the employees from time to time for achieving the target within the measured time. However, the motivation factor can come in the form of increment as well as rewards. According to this theory, employees possess maximum power and their motivation plays an important role in reducing their stress. Contingency Theory: The Contingency Theory of management claims that there exists no best theory for organizing management. This theory focuses on the size of an organization and its using, the use of technology and the ambience in which it operates. Fayols theory of management represents a simple model of interaction between the management and the personnel. This theory covers concept in a broader manner so that any business can apply this theory of management (Fayol 2016). According to Fayol theory, five functions of management are crucial to contemporary organization that includes planning, organizing, coordinating and commanding. However, according to the Minztberg theory of management, the managers task is broken down into three areas that include interpersonal, information processing and decision making. The various roles of the manager including a leader, spokesperson and resource allocator is fitted into one of the areas of activity mentioned (Shafritz, Ott and Jang 2015). This theory helps a contemporary organization in mapping their structure and work and at the same time understands the role of the manager. The Katz theory of management puts forward three areas of determination and managerial skills that includes the technical skill, human skill and conceptual skill. According to the theory, they are the key skills necessary for leadership (Northouse, 2015). In this regard, technical skills considered in relation to field, human skills represents communication with the people and conceptual skills focused on setting vision. The similarities between Fayol, Mintzberg and Katz theory of management are as follows: They all focus on the leadership functions of the management with the help of a top down approach. The discussed theory also believes in the categorization and division of labor (Johnston and Marshall 2016). Further, the theories also believe that planning is the initial step of the management process. The differences between Fayol, Mintzberg and Katz theory of management are as follows: The Fayol theory of management specifically focuses on the managers job unlike Mintzberg that focuses on the nature of the managerial task and Katz that represents areas of focus for undertaking the managerial task. The managers must possess the following competencies for effective communication: The managers while communicating must take care of the gestures and facial expression of the employees Managers must maintain honesty They must also speak out what is relevant The focus of the managers is important for effective communication The confidence of the managers is also important for ensuring effective communication Setting the tone and pitch of the speech is also necessary for effective communication. Impartiality is also a quality requirement of a manager for effective communication. The managers must also know the right time for communication. Managerial communication can be of four types like the interpersonal communication, non-verbal communication, written and oral communication. The interpersonal communication is mostly face-to-face whereas the non-verbal communication is through facial expression, gestures, body language and other physical parts (Dasgupta, Suarand and Singh 2012.). Written communication refers to transmission of messages through writing whereas oral implies communication via mouth. For interpersonal communication, the managers must speak what is relevant and for non-verbal communication, the managers must be able to understand the gestures and expressions of the employees. In written communication, the managers must maintain the tone and pitch of the speech. However, for oral communication; the manager must choose the right time to communicate with the employees. A company may have a diverse culture and the managers must ensure the contributions of the diverse workforce under the cultural differences and the language (Drnyei 2014). Therefore, the foundations of effective communication in a diverse workplace are as follows: By learning how the diverse workforce receives communication in the best possible manner: This is important as different culture have different ways of receiving communication. Training international employees with early and ongoing training processes: Cultural confusion and misunderstanding in a diverse culture avoided with ongoing and early training of the employees. Practicing open door communication with care: Careful practice of open door communication will enable employees to bridge the communication gap in a diverse workforce. Slangs and Jargons avoided in the best possible manner: Using jargons and slangs might put across a wrong message in a diverse work culture. Managers must stick to the rules of corporate communication: The managers must not only stick to rules but also ensure that people from all ethnicities and culture can participate in fulfilling the goals and mission of the company. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) defined by business approach that helps in contributing to the sustainable development through delivery of economic, environmental and social benefits of the stakeholders. The firms perspective on the theory of CSR has several implications strategically. Corporate social responsibility is an integral element in defining the business of the firm and differentiation strategies at the corporate level (Brammer, Jackson and Matten 2012). Thus, the implication of CSR is more like a strategic investment for a firm. There are three organizational stances of CSR like reputation, relationship and responsive attitude that ensure includes reputation, relationship and responsive rectitude. The examples of companies in effectively undertaking corporate social responsibility in reaching the ladder of success are Starbucks, Disney and Microsoft (Michelon, Boesso and Kumar 2013). Starbucks ranked fifth as a socially responsible company since the company is always in search of better means in developing sustainable means for producing coffee. On the other hand, Disney has centered its focus on community, volunteerism and community that are some of the areas of social responsibility. Microsoft is the leader focusing on stances of corporate social responsibility through an annual campaign of employee giving. The three key views of ethical behavior include individualism view, utilitarian view and the justice view. The goals of the ethical behavior are to guide an organization in the policies, decisions and programs for business. The goals for ethical behavior in an organization are as follows: Enables treating everyone equally Securing meaningful employment Succeeding in the Business goals Lessening Stress However, the factor that contributes to the ethical and unethical in an organization includes the individual factors like knowledge, personal goals, personality and morals and certain social factors like the cultural norms, internet, friends and family. The key components of leadership are as follows: Integrity and honesty: Great leaders helps in creating an organizational culture based on honesty and integrity Possession of outstanding self awareness: A leader must be aware of his own strength and weakness Positive vision: An outstanding leader has a positive outlook and does not solely focus on any specific initiatives or task. Excellent communication skills: Great leaders possess outstanding communication skills that makes them persuasive and inspirational Team builder capability: A great leader also has unique capacity for team building. The five practices of exemplary leadership are as follows: Exemplary Leaders makes their way by earning respect Exemplary Leaders inspire a shared vision They also challenge the process They allow others to act Exemplary Leaders initiate means that encourages the heart Thus, the key components of leadership align with the five practices of exemplary leadership. The Heroic leadership helps in assuming that the teammates are performing great job. This assumption will change will help in change the way one acts towards their teammates. Therefore, this ensures in influencing the behavior of the team as good or bad (Allison and Goethals 2013). On the other hand, the according to the engaging leadership , a leader is defined to be someone who enables and encourages the organizational development characterized by a culture that is based on transparency, openness, integrity and valuing of others in a genuine manner. This helps in the well being and development of concern for others the ability of uniting different stakeholder group in the articulation of a joint venture and delegating in a manner that develops and empowers potential that is coupled with questioning and as well as strategic and critical thinking. Thus, this kind of leadership theories put forwards an open minded approach that helps organization to cope with change but also remain pr oactive in shaping the future. The Mintzberg managerial style ensures: A figurehead A leader A liaison A monitor A disseminator A Spokesperson An entrepreneur A disturbance handler A resource allocator A negotiator The managers must possess the follo Strategic managementrefers to the constant monitoring, planning, analysis and assessment of everything that is required for meeting the objectives and goals of an organization. The characteristics of strategic management are as follows: It deals with uncertainty since focus on non routine situations that are future oriented. It helps in dealing with complex situations Ensures having an implication that is organization wide Helps in improving the performance of the company on a long term basis Helps in dealing with long term implications The three approaches of Strategic management include: Internally driven organization: Organizations concerned with their past achievements are driven internally and their thinking is inside out. Consumer driven organization: Organizations who tries to be close and listen to the customers are usually customer driven. Market driven organization: Organizations making conscious choice regarding their choice of market they are planning to serve and add value are usually market driven. The three view of managing strategy are as follows: Research based view: This helps in providing an explanation on competitive heterogeneity that is based on the idea that close competitors differs in capabilities and resources in durable and important manner (Nilson 2016). Market based view: This perspective of strategic management stresses on factors like the market in which it is planning to compete Organization/Industrial based view: This perspective of strategic management is a focus on the role of organization in choosing the organization in which they want to operate. Organizational domain represents the customers, goods and services of an organization. Managers should have an idea of the organizational domain since it will help them in determining the strategies in achieving the objectives and goals of the organization. The specific factors of subjective framework in analysis of an organization are as follows: Involves Strategy. The complexity and size of organization. Influence of technology. Influence of environmental turbulence. Attitude of top management Attitudes of personnel. The above mentioned factors help the managers in ensuring optimal and efficient decision making. The managers are also able to understand the economic factors responsible for maximizing profit. Further, the factors also enables the managers assess the emerging alternative of new technology. However, subjective framework is adopted for industrial analysis where the process involves review of work environment, overall development, personnel and operation of a business. The limitations of the ignorance factor of the objective framework include: Provides no alternative offer or solutions Helps in the generation of too many ideas without mentioning which one to be the best Does not help in prioritizing issues Provides a lot of information but everything might not be correct. Organizational analysis helps in assessing the current well being and capacity of an organization and thereby deciding a course of action for improving the long term sustainability of an organization (Powell and DiMaggio 2012). There may be requirements for restructuring when there are problems created by either internal or external forces that have either led to a problem or opportunity for improving the affectivity and efficiency. Thus, a periodic analysis will enable the management in identifying the inefficiencies and problems that already exist or are yet to be addressed and thereby develop necessary strategies in resolving them. Therefore, analysis of the subjective framework is an organization is not easy. The managers however finds it easier in analyzing the objectives since it helps them to identify the problems and sort out existing inefficiencies of an organization and henceforth resolve them. Innovation Management(IM) framework for an organization refers to more than just planning for services , new products, brand extensions or technology inventions and focusing more on imagining, competition and mobilizing in newer manner. Organization needs innovation for the management framework for the following reasons: Improving efficiency Ensures guaranteed success on a long-term basis Increases the success of the market success Ensures decrease in cost Reduction in time for processing Initiates the process of innovation Helps in reducing the risk for becoming obsolete in presence of competitors Ensures improvement in chances of survival for better solutions spawned from new technologies The three components of innovation management framework are clear direction, encouragement and resourcing. Moreover, the framework needs to be protected under situations of conflicting messages. The similarities and differences between idea management, market management and portfolio management are as follows: Idea management refers to the ability of capturing insights or feedback from external and internal stakeholders with the purpose to add the feedback in the release of the future products. Marketing management is an organizational discipline that focuses on practically applying the marketing orientation, methods and techniques inside organizations and enterprises as well as on managing the activities and marketing resources of a firm. However, Portfolio management defined by the science and the art of making decisions regarding the investment mix and policies, matching the investments to the objectives, allocation of asset for institutions and individuals thereby keeping a balancing between the risk and performance. Organizing is an important managerial function in a global society because it enables us with the following: Ensures the Benefit of Specialization: Under organizing, the activities gets divided into various jobs or work and competent people gain expertise in doing the particular job that enables maximum work in minimum time span thereby benefiting the organization. Brings Clarity in Working Relationships: The working relation amongst the employees reaches a clarified through organizing. This also helps in specifying who is to report and to whom. Thus, organizing helps in effective communication and accountability. Optimum Utilization of Resources: The organizing process helps in smaller task division. This discards the option of side tracked or has a fear of duplication that results in optimum utilization of resources in an organization. Enables Adapting to Change: The process of organizing enables an organization in adapting to the change related to the post of employees Ensures Effective Administration: Through the process of organizing, the authority as well as the activity of the manager mentioned clearly Ensures Developing Personnel: Under this process of management, delegation of the authority practiced that helps in discovering better techniques for work Enables Expansion and Growth: This process of management also provides the employee with the freedom for taking decisions that in a way help them to grow However, for instance, the activities in a production department divided amongst a number of workshops in which the actual production will take place. Besides, there might be separate sections created for production related activities like repairs and quality control. Similarly, the activities of other departments can also be sub-divided. Thus, the activities of division and subdivision continue until there is creation of individual positions for performing all kinds of work in the organization. Network production is refers to a concept that refers to nexus of interconnected transactions, operations and functions with the help of which a particular product is distributed, produced and consumed. The key characteristics of Network Production are as follows: Ensuring agility: For instance infrastructure agility must match the agility of the business given the fact that the underlying infrastructure remains responsible for the concerned application Ensuring Scalability: In this context, if the traditional leaf and spine network is concerned will thereby scale only to the capacity of the spine since further scaling might involve re-cabling and re-architecture that might be a costly. Ensuring Integration: In this regard, however, the infrastructure should work in orchestration for delivering application experience. Ensuring Resiliency: The distributed systems works only under a reliable interconnect. Therefore, the network must not only be resilient but also fault tolerant. Ensuring Security: However, with data remaining at the centre of network and with increasing number of organizations closely paying attention to the trends in the big data, security remains an important factor not only for the infrastructure but also for applications and data. References: Allison, S.T. and Goethals, G.R., 2013.Heroic leadership: An influence taxonomy of 100 exceptional individuals. Routledge. Brammer, S., Jackson, G. and Matten, D., 2012. Corporate social responsibility and institutional theory: New perspectives on private governance.Socio-economic review,10(1), pp.3-28. Dasgupta, S.A., Suar, D. and Singh, S., 2012. Impact of managerial communication styles on employees attitudes and behaviours.Employee Relations,35(2), pp.173-199. Drnyei, Z., 2014.The psychology of the language learner: Individual differences in second language acquisition. Routledge. Fayol, H. (2016).General and industrial management. Ravenio Books. Johnston, M.W. and Marshall, G.W., 2016.Sales force management: Leadership, innovation, technology. Routledge. Michelon, G., Boesso, G. and Kumar, K., 2013. Examining the link between strategic corporate social responsibility and company performance: an analysis of the best corporate citizens.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,20(2), pp.81-94. Nilson, L.B., 2016.Teaching at its best: A research-based resource for college instructors. John Wiley Sons. Northouse, P.G., 2015.Leadership: Theory and practice. Sage publications. Powell, W.W. and DiMaggio, P.J. eds., 2012.The new institutionalism in organizational analysis. University of Chicago Press. Shafritz, J.M., Ott, J.S. and Jang, Y.S., 2015.Classics of organization theory. Cengage Learning. Zuberbier, T., Aberer, W., Asero, R., Bindslev?Jensen, C., Brzoza, Z., Canonica, G.W., Church, M.K., Ensina, L.F., Gimnez?Arnau, A., Godse, K. and Gonalo, M., 2014. The EAACI/GA2LEN/EDF/WAO Guideline for the definition, classification, diagnosis, and management of urticaria: the 2013 revision and update.Allergy,69(7), pp.868-887.